Medical Doctor
Dr. Bisny T. Joseph is a Georgian Board-certified physician. She has completed her professional graduate degree as a medical doctor from Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia. She has around 5 years of experience in various sectors of medical affairs as a physician, medical reviewer, medical writer, health coach, and Q&A expert.
Her interest in digital medical education and patient education made her pursue a career in medical writing. She believes that providing high-quality, evidence-based medical information for people could help them be more aware and responsible for their health and actively participate in decision-making in their healthcare. At MomJunction, Dr. Bisny writes health and wellness articles for mothers and children and she has been featured on BioSpectrum, Golden Eye Optometry, Little Stars Child Care Centre’s Newsletter September and October, and The Indian Express. She likes to spend her spare time traveling and painting.
MomJunction has a strong editorial policy in place, and the team abides by its guidelines. We work toward providing the most reliable information to the reader and help them with a solution that is reliable. Our posts are authentic, and are not biased or influenced. Know more about our editorial policy.
Unplanned pregnancies can cause difficulties both for the parents and the baby. Thus, in this post, we discuss some effective pregnancy prevention methods to help you avoid an unintended pregnancy. Every time you have made love without protection, you carry a possibility of getting pregnant. Therefore, if you do not intend to start a family […]
Walking during pregnancy is one of the safest and most effective ways to stay healthy. The activity is known to reduce the risks for pregnancy complications from inactivity or alarming weight gain. According to doctor recommendations, women should do at least 150 minutes of light aerobic workouts, such as brisk walking, per week for a […]
As vision is how humans perceive most of the information, it is one of the most crucial human senses. So, we have included some eye care tips for kids you can follow to maintain their eye health. Regular eye exams and routine checkups for children are essential, and they are the most effective approach to […]
Diarrhea – how bad is it? Why does my kid have diarrhea? Signs and symptoms of diarrhea Does diarrhea cause dehydration? How is diarrhea diagnosed? What is the treatment for diarrhea? How to control diarrhea in kids? Home care and remedies to stop diarrhea Diarrhea is a leading cause of death in young children and […]
Did you know that around 25% of children who visit a pediatric gastroenterologist are constipated (1)? Constipation in children is so common that it is prevalent among 3% worldwide (2). The problem causes extreme discomfort, and when neglected can lead to other health complications. MomJunction tells you about the various types of constipation, the reasons […]
The risk of smallpox in children is no longer a major concern since it is now considered a disease of the past. However, it was a highly contagious and serious infection in its time. The last known outbreak was in 1949, with its last natural spread occurring in 1977. The disease was eradicated in 1980 […]
Stretch marks appear when the skin is stretched excessively as a result of growth or weight gain. Stretchmarks in teenagers are common, especially as they approach puberty. They are not painful, but we recommend seeing a dermatologist because your teen may be concerned about the appearance. Stretchmarks in teenagers have several origins, symptoms, diagnoses, treatments, […]
Water breakage during pregnancy is crucial in the third trimester since it signals labor. The amniotic fluid surrounds the baby in the amniotic sac. This sac breaks at the beginning of labor. If you notice the flow of fluid, contact a healthcare professional. Some pregnant women may misinterpret urination (due to the womb’s pressure on […]
The word, torticollis, is derived from the words tortus, meaning twisted, and collis, meaning collar. It refers to a pediatric condition in which the neck is slightly twisted or bent to a side, while the chin has a tilt on the opposite side (1). Torticollis in children may be congenital or acquired later in life. […]
Gray baby syndrome (GBS) is a rare disorder that is caused due to the presence of high levels of chloramphenicol in babies born prematurely. Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic that is used in the treatment of bacterial infections such as , cholera, and typhoid fever. The common symptoms of this disease include graying of the baby’s […]
If you have a newborn or toddler, you may always be concerned about their health. If you notice red rashes on your baby’s chest, it might be an indication of Scarlet fever or bacterial illness. Scarlet fever in babies and toddlers can occur after having flu-like symptoms, such as a sore throat and fever. While […]
Preseptal cellulitis or periorbital cellulitis in children is characterized by inflammation and infection of the soft tissues around the eyes. It can be due to bacteria and may occur in one or both eyes. The risk for severe complications is rare if it is treated appropriately. Improper treatment or a delay in treatment may complicate […]
Chest pain in teens is uncommon, and it can be due to cardiac or non-cardiac diseases (1). Fortunately, chest pain in teens usually occurs due to non-cardiac conditions. In most cases, it can be due to conditions such as asthma or chest wall pain from muscle or bone injuries or inflammation. However, chest pain is a […]
Coughing is one of the body’s defense mechanisms of getting rid of phlegm, mucus, sputum, postnasal drip, or a foreign body. A variety of factors can cause cough in babies, and while coughing is a necessary function, it is unhealthy for a newborn to cough excessively. If your infant coughs a lot, you should see […]
You may find that your baby bites while nursing. If you are wondering how and why your baby won’t stop biting while nursing, this post is for you. Breast biting by the infant while nursing is unpleasant, and many mothers may misunderstand it as a sign that their baby is ready to wean. However, you […]
Breast milk alone can fulfill an infant’s nutritional needs; therefore, exclusive breastfeeding is advised until a baby turns six months old (1). In most cases, babies are fed from both breasts. However, you may notice that your baby sometimes may prefer breastfeeding from one breast. For most women, one-sided breastfeeding is a typical condition. An […]
Tetanus is a bacterial infection caused by Clostridium tetani and has no specific cure. Receiving Tetanus toxoid (TT) vaccination during pregnancy is crucial for women. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), most reported cases of tetanus in newborns and mothers were associated with insufficient maternal immunizations (1). Read to understand more about the safety […]
Dengue fever in babies and toddlers is a viral infection caused by four types of dengue virus. The illness is usually found in tropical and subtropical countries. It can be severe in babies and toddlers if they are born to mothers having dengue (1). You should be observant of the dengue symptoms in children because […]
Cellulite in teens is not a medical concern and requires no medical treatments. Although it is harmless, a lumpy or dimpled or orange-peel appearance of the skin can be an aesthetic concern for many people. You may notice this skin changes commonly on the abdomen, hips, buttocks, and thighs. Nearly 80 to 90 percent of […]
Pregnancy after 30 is a personal choice, and many women have healthy and successful pregnancies. Although there are some risks and complications that can arise in pregnancies in the late 30s, good prenatal care could help you overcome them. Most women delay pregnancy while focusing on a career or other personal reasons. Fertility declines when […]
Sleep hyperhidrosis or night sweats in children can be due to various reasons. It is more common on warm days or when they wear heavy clothes, and thus there is no need to worry. However, if your child is sweating more than usual without any climatic or other reasons, you may seek a pediatrician consultation. […]
Peurperal or post-delivery infections are common but often ignored condition. They can vary from minor infections to severe ones and can have long term effect on future health outcomes. Hence women should be aware of this condition and consult their gynecologist if they notice any fever, discharge, redness, etc. Postpartum infections may occur after vaginal […]
Insomnia complaints in children are usually associated with lack of restorative sleep (deep sleep and REM sleep). A child is said to have insomnia if they (1): Have difficulty falling asleep at night Have trouble staying asleep at night Wakes up very early, at around three in the morning and have difficulty going back to […]
Jaundice in pregnancy can be due to liver disorders or certain conditions directly or indirectly related to pregnancy. Liver disorders are rare, but when they do occur, they can affect both mother and her unborn baby. Nearly 3% of all pregnancies can be complicated with liver conditions (1). Jaundice is the yellowing of the skin […]
Blepharitis in babies is a rare eye disease caused by the clogging of oil-producing glands on the eyelids. This may lead to eyelid inflammation, resulting in crust formation on the eyelashes (crusty eyelids) and swelling of the eyelids. As a result, babies may feel itch and discomfort and often scratch their eyes. Not all cases […]
A broken tailbone in children is a common injury after falling on their back on hard surfaces. This may cause pain in the tailbone while sitting. However, the pain may also be due to bruising since the tailbone rarely breaks in children (1). Pain may also increase during bowel movements. Although most tailbone injuries are […]
Duodenal and stomach ulcers in children are rare, and the signs and symptoms can be nonspecific. These are also called peptic ulcers that can occur in the mucosa, the inner lining of the stomach and intestines. Ulcer diets and OTC medications may not heal the ulcers since they can be caused by infection of H. […]
Sickle cell diseases in babies can be present from birth, and it is caused when a child inherits sickle cell genes from both parents. This inherited blood disorder makes the red blood cells (RBC or erythrocytes) crescent, sickle-shaped, or C-shaped. In addition, sickle cells can be stickier and harder than normal oval-shaped RBCs, and they […]
Gastrointestinal illnesses are a common cause of dehydration in teens. This is a condition when the amount of water lost from our body is more than water intake (1). Mild dehydration may not be a problem. But, severe dehydration can affect normal physiological function in our body. Diarrhea, vomiting, and excess sweating can cause water […]
The pincer grasp is the ability to hold or grasp something with the thumb and index fingertip. The American Academy of Pediatrics cited this ability as a developmental milestone with many other milestones. It can be exciting to see your little one achieving new milestones, and you may often look for common milestones such as […]
Mind–body techniques could help kids manage stress and help them regulate their emotions. Certain relaxation techniques are also used in the treatment of common health problems such as pain, headache, and bedwetting (enuresis), and to overcome habits such as nail-biting and thumb-sucking (1). Most of these approaches require the participation of parents. You may use […]
Blocked tear ducts and allergies are a common cause of epiphora or watery eyes in children. Tears fill the eyes and drain onto the face when the ducts are blocked. Although it looks like weeping, there won’t be an emotional trigger for these tears. Watery eyes can be self-resolving in many children without any interventions […]
Primary lung cancers in children are a rare diagnosis, and the tumor characteristics may vary from adults. Uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in one or both lungs can be secondary cancers that spread after common childhood cancers. Genetic changes in tumor suppressor genes or certain syndromes can increase the risk for lung cancer in children […]
Hypotension or low blood pressure in children can be due to various reasons. This is when the systolic or top reading pressure goes below 90mmHg, and the diastolic pressure or the bottom reading is below 60mmHg (1). According to most pediatric care guidelines, these blood pressure measures are less than the 5th percentile for children […]
Meditations for teens help them improve their concentration and focus and reduce stress levels. In addition, breathing techniques and mindfulness promote physical and psychological well-being in teens. Regular meditations can also improve cardiovascular and neurological health. However, more research is needed to determine the specific benefits of meditation for teenagers (1). Relaxation techniques and meditations […]
Bed bug bites on kids can be more prominent than on adults due to their sensitive skin. These tiny reddish-brown insects can bite on humans to feed blood, and their bite marks may look reddish, flat, or bumped skin lesions in clusters or a zigzag line. Although bed bugs may not cause severe illness in […]
Continuous exposure to loud noises during pregnancy can pose health hazards to mothers and growing babies. This may cause maternal stress and hearing problems. Babies can hear even normal levels of sounds from the early second trimester. Fetuses who have exposure to high noise levels, such as noise from rock concerts or jackhammers, have an […]
An ultrasound may show placental lakes during pregnancy; these are enlarged blood-filled spaces in the placenta. Placental lakes can be visible on the ultrasound image as one or several black areas. The placenta nourishes the unborn baby, and it is essential to have a healthy placenta for optimal fetal growth and development. Having one or […]
Appendicitis in teens can be presented with abdominal pain that may often begin in the belly button and move toward the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. The appendix is a small, finger-like projection on the intestine at the beginning of the large intestine (colon), and its inflammation is called appendicitis. The research conducted by […]
“Why do babies get clingy?” is a common question many parents have when their little ones start demanding to be around parents or caregivers all the time. Clinginess is a normal sign of mental development at an early age. It can also signify separation anxiety, where a baby may cry or behave crankily to be […]
Occasional gastroesophageal reflux or GERD in children is normal, and it usually resolves after eliminating certain dietary factors. This is also called acid reflux, and it causes involuntary backflow of stomach acid into the food pipe (esophagus). However, frequent GERD requires medical evaluation to identify the cause. If left unmanaged, it may cause complications such […]
Stress in babies can be observed from the earliest months of life. Although we attribute stress to older children and adults, babies are more vulnerable to stress. Regular events such as bathing can also cause certain levels of stress response in babies. They can also be stressed from physical conditions such as illnesses. Babies also […]
Parental awareness of epilepsy and seizures in teenagers plays a crucial role in handling emergencies and sticking to long-term treatment plans. Abnormal electrical activity in the brain can trigger seizures. Physical or behavioral changes range from blinking eyes to vigorous muscular spasms and consciousness loss. Seizure symptoms and their severity may vary depending on the […]
If you are experiencing dehydration when breastfeeding, it can change the composition and quantity of breast milk. Low water intake and fluid loss can deplete the fluid levels in the body. In such cases, nursing moms are more likely to develop dehydration due to increased fluid demand. Mild dehydration may not affect the milk supply, […]
Occasional heartburn in teenagers is not a cause of concern. This is not a cardiac symptom, and it is the regurgitation of stomach acid to the esophagus, causing burning pain in the chest and throat. It is also known as pyrosis or acid regurgitation. Usually, teens may experience heartburn after eating some foods or drinks, […]
The exact causes of vitiligo in children are not known. This chronic condition causes loss of skin pigment (melanin), resulting in white patches in the skin. Hair and oral cavity may also have discoloration. These long-lasting patches can cause psychosocial issues in some children, especially teenagers. Adequate awareness and support from parents are essential to […]
Lightheadedness and black spots in the vision can be symptoms of low pressure in teens. Periodic drop in blood pressure or low blood pressure in otherwise healthy teens is not a cause of concern. Some may get hypotension while changing body positions, such as standing or sitting from a lying position. However, it is recommended […]
Infectious mononucleosis (mono), also known as glandular fever or kissing disease, is a viral illness that causes flu-like symptoms, tiredness, and enlargement of the lymph glands. Mono occurs globally in any season. Although it is common among adolescents and young adults, newborns may contract viruses through the oral secretions of parents, siblings, or anyone who […]
Fever in children and teens may occur due to various reasons. This is also called febrile response or pyrexia, in which the body temperature increases more than the average temperature between 97°F (36.1°C) and 99°F (37.2°C) (1). Fever indicates that something is going on in the body. A slight rise in body temperature is not […]
Mosquito bites in children are more likely to occur than in adults since children tend to be more active outdoors. Several kinds of mosquitoes exist, but only three, Anopheles, Culex, and Aedes, are responsible for human bites and are clinically significant (1). Female mosquitoes are the only ones that bite since they need blood as […]
Chicken Pox or varicella in children is a common infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). It is a highly contagious infection that can easily spread from an infected person to others through air droplets or close contact. Children and teens may develop mild symptoms more than adults. Vaccination can effectively help prevent chickenpox in […]
Deep breathing, also known as belly breathing, abdominal breathing, or diaphragmatic breathing, may help promote respiratory health and reduce stress in children. It may also help strengthen the muscles involved in the respiration process (1). Seek medical advice to choose an appropriate breathing exercise if your child has any chronic illness. In this MomJunction post, […]
Most metabolic disorders in children can be due to inherited gene abnormalities (mutations or defects). However, a few can be acquired triggered by environmental and lifestyle factors such as childhood obesity. These conditions can alter normal physiological processes in the body due to defects in enzymes stimulating the process or the inability to use certain […]
Regular use of activated charcoal during pregnancy to ease morning sickness and other pregnancy symptoms may interfere with nutrient absorption. Activated charcoal has more pores or internal spaces than normal charcoal to trap chemicals and toxins. It is made by heating normal charcoal in a specific gas to create pores. Activated charcoal is not recommended […]
Petechiae in babies can occur due to self-limiting conditions (such as birth trauma) and bleeding disorders that require prompt medical care. They are tiny, flat, red spots up to two millimeters in diameter. You may notice petechiae on the skin and mucous membrane of the baby (1). Petechiae is not a disease, so you may […]
Ovarian cancer in teens is rare when compared to older women. Some may develop belly pain, urinary issues, and feeling full earlier while eating. However, most teens may not develop any symptoms, and it can be an accidental diagnosis. In addition, younger women and teens tend to have certain ovarian growths, such as germ cell […]
Typhoid in babies and toddlers can be associated with non-specific and variable symptoms. The infection is also called enteric fever, or typhoid fever, caused by bacteria through contaminated water and food sources. Although it is rare in babies, it can be life-threatening if untreated (1). According to a study by the World Health Organization, about 1,10,000 […]
The prevalence of throat cancer in children is rare, and it is more common in people over 50 years. Abnormal growths in the throat parts, including the tonsil, epiglottis, larynx (voice box), and pharynx (throat) are throat cancers (1). Voice changes, swallowing problems, and pain can be initial symptoms. However, these symptoms are also present […]
Pinworm infection in pregnancy may occur if a woman comes in contact with the pinworm eggs from infected people or contaminated objects or surfaces. This infection is also called oxyuriasis or enterobiasis, and it is one of the common worm infections in humans. Although pregnancy is not a risk factor for pinworm infestation, it can […]
Body odor in babies is distinctive, and they may often smell of baby products or milk. However, babies who are not bathed on time or wear unclean clothes can have a sour or pungent odor. Most mothers could sense their babies smelling and try to keep them clean. Some babies can even leave a cake […]
Toddler staph infection is more common than in adults and is caused by staphylococcus bacteria. These bacteria can affect various body parts, including skin and vital organs such as the lungs. However, most toddlers get staph skin infections, and adequate treatment could help prevent further complications. You may seek medical care for treating these skin […]
Amenorrhea in teens can be due to various reasons ranging from lifestyle factors, hormonal issues, and . This is missed periods for more than three months or a complete absence of menstruation. The first menstruation (menarche) usually occurs around 12-13 years of age, and nearly 98% of girls experience puberty and menarche by the age […]
Worms in children are more common than in other age groups. These worms are also known as soil-transmitted helminth (STH) since they are transmitted through soil. Roundworms, whipworms, and hookworms are different species of parasitic worms (1). When left untreated, STH infections can cause complications such as malnutrition and in children. If your child has […]
Biotin, also called vitamin H or B7, is a water-soluble vitamin belonging to the B group of vitamins. Many parents may consider supplementing biotin for children since it plays a crucial role in the body’s metabolic balance of fats, carbs, and amino acids. However, most children can acquire the required biotin from dietary sources. Therefore, […]
Excessive salivation in kids can be due to various reasons ranging from simple oral hygiene issues to complex neurological disorders. Unintentional leakage of saliva or excessive salivation is seen if there is overproduction of saliva or inability to swallow these secretions. Increased salivation is also called sialorrhea, hypersalivation, or ptyalism. Anterior and posterior drooling is […]
Although some lung cancer cases are noticed in young people, primary lung cancer in teens is rare. Smoking is the major risk factor for lung cancer, and the risk may vary depending on the duration of smoking and the number of cigarettes. Some teens may develop or secondary lung cancers followed by other childhood cancers. […]
Colon cancer in teens is rare. It is a malignant neoplasm originating in the colon, a part of the large intestine. It is also called colorectal cancer if colon cancer is present with rectal cancer. Although it is common in adults, this can affect any age. A one in 1000,000 incidence rate includes 2.1% of […]
Acrochordons or skin tags are soft and small skin bumps often seen on skin folds such as armpits, groin, buttocks, or eyelids (1). Self-treatment for skin tags on children is not recommended due to the risk of skin infections. Skin tags are harmless, painless, non-cancerous (benign growths), but some children may not be comfortable with […]
Tapeworm in children may not cause signs and symptoms for a long time after entering the body. This is also known as taeniasis and is found in humans all around the globe. However, children living in Latin America, Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Eastern Europe have a higher incidence (1). Abdominal pain and weight loss are […]
Excessive sweating in toddlers can be due to various reasons ranging from normal activities or climate to serious medical conditions. Hyperhidrosis is uncommon in babies and toddlers, and most of them may have underlying problems. Sweaty palms could interfere with some skill development, such as holding something in hand. Skin irritations and heat rashes from […]
Excessive sweating in children, which is not related to physical activity or climatic conditions, can be concerning. It is also called hyperhidrosis. Sweating is a physiological reaction for regulating body temperature when higher than normal. Although sweating can be present anywhere in the body, it’s common in the palms, hands, axillae, and soles of the […]
Uterine prolapse during pregnancy is rare, with an estimated incidence of one in every 10,000 to 15,000 deliveries. Usually, ligaments and pelvic floor muscles hold the uterus and place it in its position. The weakening of muscles and ligaments due to damages or stretching can cause prolapse, dropping the uterus into the vagina (1) (2). The […]
Acanthosis nigricans (AN) in kids often indicate increased blood insulin levels. This condition causes dry and dark patches or streaks of skin on the neck, underarms, and groins. It is often seen in individuals with diabetes and obesity (1). Although it may cause mild itching, AN is usually harmless and not contagious. According to the […]
Dyslexia in teenagers is often challenging to recognize since its signs are usually mistaken as laziness or mischievousness of adolescence. The teen may have trouble doing simple learning skills such as reading or identifying sounds, easily done otherwise. Dyslexia is considered an impairment of visual processing, spatial understanding, and poor phonological processing skills; however some […]
Hot flashes in teens may occur due to various reasons. They may complain about sudden, intense warmth (heat) and sweating. This can be temporary and often felt on the upper body, such as the face, neck, and chest. Some may also experience skin reddening (1) (2). The duration and how often it occurs may vary […]
Dyspraxia in teenagers can adversely affect their lives due to trouble doing certain activities and clumsiness. It is a developmental coordination disorder (DCD) that causes motor coordination difficulties. Poor coordination can result from issues in the brain processing stimuli to muscles, and it may affect teens’ learning, academic performance, and social skills. In addition, some […]
Autoimmune diseases in children may be linked to genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors. An autoimmune condition might develop when our immune system misinterprets and attacks healthy cells or tissues in the body as antigen or foreign bodies. Around 80 autoimmune diseases are present; however, not all can affect children (1). There may not be specific […]
In most cases, knee pain in children can be due to growing pain, and there is no need for medical attention since it may resolve quickly without complications. However, it is always necessary to identify the exact causes of knee pain in children. Dr. Mark Halstead, MD, Sports Medicine Specialist at St. Louis Children’s Hospital, […]
Breastfeeding during chickenpox is not always contraindicated; you may continue to breastfeed, covering the vesicles (blisters) on the breast and other areas to minimize the spread of the virus. However, it is recommended not to breastfeed if you have vesicles on the where the baby’s mouth can touch. Nursing moms who contract chickenpox five days […]
Celiac disease in teens can cause abdominal pain, constipation, and vomiting. In addition, delayed growth in adolescence and short stature requires diagnosis tests in teens. Celiac disease is also called celiac sprue or gluten-sensitive enteropathy. It causes an immune reaction to the gluten protein found in rye, wheat, and barley and damages the intestinal lining. […]
Brown discharge during pregnancy may occur due to various reasons, some of which are harmless, while a few others indicate some complications. Light to dark brownish discharge during pregnancy may occur in the later stages when old blood in the uterus flows through the and mixes with vaginal discharge (1). Though most cases are due to […]
Dengue fever in children is pretty common. It is a vector-borne disease caused by the dengue virus (DENV) that spreads through infected mosquitoes and is commonly seen in tropical and subtropical areas. Females of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are responsible for the transmission of dengue among humans. There are four types of dengue virus, so a […]
Flu in teens can be a self-limiting infection. Usually, severe illness is seen in teens with weakened immune systems and chronic illnesses (1). It is also called influenza or grippe and is a common viral illness that can be seen throughout the year. Flu symptoms in teens are similar to adults, including fever, throat irritation, […]
Feeling fullness in the ear and earache are the common symptoms of ear infection in teens. It is called acute otitis media or otitis media when the middle ear, air-filled space behind the eardrum is infected. The middle ear contains bones that aid in hearing. Younger children are more vulnerable to middle ear infections than […]
Vaginal discharge during pregnancy can be due to various reasons ranging from normal hormonal changes to underlying conditions. Leukorrhea or thin, milky, white vaginal discharge is one of the initial pregnancy symptoms. Sometimes you may notice color changes in vaginal secretions such as yellow or yellowish-green discharge. It is recommended to consult a doctor if […]
Irregular periods in teens are normal in the initial years of menstruation, and they become regular over time (1). However, it is recommended to visit a gynecologist to ensure that these menstrual irregularities are not due to underlying conditions such as anatomical anomalies or hormonal imbalances. Causes of irregular menstruation in girls can range from […]
When a woman under 19 years of age gets pregnant, it is an adolescent or teenage pregnancy. Nearly 21 million girls between the ages of 15 and 19 get pregnant, and approximately 12 million of them give birth each year in developing countries. In this, approximately 10 million teenage girls may have an unintended pregnancy, […]
Thyroid problems in teens can adversely affect their physical and mental development. The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland in the neck that secretes thyroid hormones to regulate metabolism and growth. It is also linked to cardiac and other vital organ functions. Thyroid malfunctions can cause hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) or hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid). Both these conditions […]
Vaccination for babies is the most effective strategy to protect or immunize your child from various infectious diseases. When compared to the expense of illness treatment, vaccination is also cost-effective. Vaccines develop herd immunity and prevent many life-threatening diseases, with lasting complications, such as polio (1). Antigens or parts of antigens that cause disease are contained […]
Brain tumors in teens can be associated with certain hereditary or exposure to radiation. However, the exact cause is not always known. Brain and spinal tumors are common in children and adolescents. Many teens may develop symptoms such as persistent headaches and vomiting, and the diagnosis may reveal these abnormal growths in the brain. It […]
Dark circles in teenagers may not be due to serious health problems, but they can be cosmetically concerning. The condition often occurs due to the veins around the eyes getting larger and more prominent, often due to nasal issues. Other reasons for dark circles in teens include allergies, dehydration, lack of sleep, genetics, and thin […]
Panic attacks in children are common, but it is a treatable condition (1). Physical symptoms such as increased heartbeat and breathing difficulty with sudden episodes of fear can be seen during panic attacks. However, there won’t be any real factors causing this apprehension in most cases, and it may start without any alarming signs. Panic […]
What is the thyroid gland and why is it important? What is hypothyroidism? What are the types of hypothyroidism? Why is hypothyroidism caused? What are the signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism? How is hypothyroidism diagnosed? How is hypothyroidism treated in children? What are the foods to eat and foods to avoid in hypothyroidism What are the […]
Noticing white or gray hair in children might cause concern in parents. The graying of hair in older adults is a natural process. But premature graying of hair in children is not. Although the reason might be genetic in some children, it might also be associated with a health condition such as or . Thus, […]
Vomiting in children can be due to various reasons, such as stomach flu or indigestion. Occasional vomiting may not be a major cause of concern, and most children can be treated at home. However, it is recommended to seek medical care for frequent episodes of vomiting or if it is accompanied by other symptoms such […]
Hand, foot, and mouth disease in children is a highly transmissible viral infection, particularly in young ones. Fever is the first symptom, followed by rashes on the lips, hands, and feet. You may also be concerned that the rashes will spread from one part of the body to another. Although hand, foot, and mouth disease […]
Urinary tract infection generally refers to a bacterial infection in the urinary tract and associated structures such as the urinary bladder, urethra, or kidneys. Urinary tract infections in teens may result in pain and discomfort if it involves only the lower urinary tract (urinary bladder and urethra). On the other hand, upper urinary tract infections […]
Causes of stomachache in children When to see a doctor? Diagnosis of stomach pain Treatment for stomachache in children Taking care of your child at home Home remedies for stomach pain Foods to avoid during stomachache Preventing stomach pain in children Stomach pain is one of the most common reasons for parents to take their […]
What is UTI? Types of UTI Causes of urinary tract infection Risk factors Symptoms of UTI in children Diagnosis Treatment Home remedies for UTI How to prevent UTI in children? Complications of UTI What are recurrent UTIs in children and how to manage? Is UTI in children contagious? How long do UTIs in children last? […]
Escherichia coli or E. coli infection is more prevalent in children and older adults than in other age groups (1). The E.coli bacteria that cause E. coli infection in children are mostly harmless and are commonly found in the intestinal tract. However, some strains of the bacteria can cause various infections, such as gastrointestinal infection, […]