Cathal

In This Article

Origin, Meaning, And History Of Cathal

Cathal is a masculine given name derived from the concoction of the Old Irish or Celtic terms cath, which means ‘battle,’ and fal, meaning ‘rule,’ or val, which means ‘to rule.’ Consequently, this name translates to ‘battle rule,’ ‘battle strong,’ ‘powerful in battle,’ or ‘leader.’

In addition, this name is often anglicized as Charles or the Latinized version of Charles — Carolus. However, Charles is originally derived from the Germanic element karl, which means ‘free man.’ This name is also believed to be derived from the Irish term cael, which means ‘narrow’ or ‘slender.’

Historical accounts suggest that a 7th-century Irish monk, St. Cathaldus, also known as Cat(t)aldo, shared this Gaelic name and contributed to its popularity in the region. He served as the patron of the Sicilian Normans (1). This name was quite popular in medieval times, mainly in Munster and Connacht, as several significant Irish kings were given this name.

Cathal has undergone numerous transliterations from the Middle Ages, resulting in several variants, including Cahal, Kathel, Cathel, Cathol, Cathul, Cathil, Cathyl, Cadwaladr, Cadwalader, and Cahill. Some endearing nicknames individuals with this name can have are Calls, Cathy, Cath, and Cat.

In fiction, this moniker is adopted by many fictional characters, including Cathal O’Regan, one of the protagonists in the 2011 Irish drama movie Parked by Darragh Byrne. Portrayed by Irish actor Colin Morgan, the character is depicted as a homeless, friendly young man struggling with drug addiction.

Another character who shares this name is Aiden’s best friend and foster brother, who was accused of kidnapping the newborn brother of the protagonist, Clodagh, in the 2008 historical fantasy novel Heir to Sevenwaters by Juliet Marillier. Cathal is also the name of one of the protagonists in the 2023 novel So Late in the Day: Stories of Women and Men by Claire Keegan.

Cathal

heart image
Battle rule
Boy
Christianity
Irish
9
Two
1 word, 6 letters, 2 vowels, 4 consonants
Medium length and easy to pronounce

Connected with someone called Cathal? Send this page their way as a fun share!

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How To Pronounce Cathal?

Pronounced as Kah-hal

The way you pronounce a name can make all the difference.

Listen to the sound of the name Cathal in English.

Phonemic Representation Of Cathal

Phonemics is the study of a language’s distinctive sound units (phonemes), as standardized by the International Phonetics Association. When choosing a name for your baby, knowing its phonemic pronunciation gives an idea about the name’s sound pattern and auditory appeal. You can assess the name’s ease of pronunciation, memorability, and softness. Here is the phonemic transcription of Cathal in American and British accents.

  • In American English: /ˈkæθəl/
  • In British English: /ˈkæθəl/

Pronunciation of names, in fact, any spoken word, involves the participation of various parts of the mouth, vocal cord, nose, and lungs. Underneath all the sounds we make is the airstream flowing from the lungs and moving up to the mouth. It’s incredible how lips, tongue, teeth, alveolar ridge, palate, glottis, and larynx work harmoniously to bring out the words. Studies have proved that positive sounds like OM (AUM) help maintain hormonal balance and mental health and reduce stress and anxiety. So, what parts does Cathal trigger? Find the details here; the sound of Cathal might bring in more positive vibes into your life!

PhonemeArticulation
/k/

Raising the back of the tongue to the soft palate or velum. Airflow stops for a fraction of a second

/æ/

Tongue low front, spread lips. Airflow is continuous

/θ/

Putting the tongue between or against the upper and lower teeth. Severely obstructs the airflow and causes friction

/ə/

Tongue mid. Airflow is continuous

/l/

Raising the tongue tip while keeping the rest of the tongue down. Causes some obstruction of the airstream in the mouth

Notable People Named Cathal

This section covers people who have made the name Cathal famous with their contributions in various fields. It indeed is a little more inspiration for you to choose the name for your baby, don’t you think?

  • Cathal PendredMixed martial artist
  • Cathal CoughlanSinger-songwriter
  • Cathal SmythMusician
  • Cathal BrughaIrish politician
  • Cathal GouldingIrish Republican Army and Chief of Staff
  • Cathal mac Finguine8th-century Irish King of Munster or Cashel, High King of Ireland, and the last king mentioned in the Baile Chuinn Chétchathaig
  • Cathal Crobhdearg Ua Conchobair12th-century King of Connacht and the subject, as Cáhal Mór of the Wine Red Hand, of Irish nationalist James Clarence Mangan's poem A Vision of Connaught in the Thirteenth Century
  • Cathal Buí Mac Giolla GhunnaIrish poet, one of the four most important north Leinster and south Ulster poets in the 17th and 18th centuries

Cathal On The Popularity Chart

Check out the following graphs if you want a statistical representation of the name’s popularity and ranking.

Popularity Over Time

Cathal’s popularity experienced extreme shifts. The following graph provides detailed insights into the name’s popularity trend.

Source: Social Security Administration

Rank Over Time

The graph below illustrates the name’s ranking trend over the years.

Source: Social Security Administration

Cathal Name’s Presence On Social Media

Before you finalize your baby’s name, you would want to assess if the name is rare or popular. Digital footprint of the name - it’s presence on the internet and social media platforms - can provide you with valuable insights on it’s popularity. A name’s online presence is an important metric for new parents to evaluate their options and make an informed choice. How many people are searching the name on Google, how many profiles are there on Facebook, does the name have a Wikipedia page? Such information surely tells you if the name is ubiquitous or unique. Here is how Cathal fares on that count.

Names With Similar Sound As Cathal

Here’s a list of baby names with phonetic caliber similar to Cathal.

Popular Sibling Names For Cathal

If you are looking for some matching sibling names that resonate with Cathal, check our suggestions here.

Boy Sibling Names For Cathal

Find matching brother names for Cathal and create a wonderful team of siblings.

Cuithbeart heart imageCuithbrig heart imageCuthbert heart imageCuthert heart imageCuthgils heart imageCuthred heart imageCuthsa heart imageCuthsige heart imageCuthwin heart imageCuthwulf heart image

Girl Sibling Names For Cathal

Looking for some suitable sister names for Cathal? Check out our collection of beautiful and unique names.

Cath heart imageCathalina heart imageCathandra heart imageCatharin heart imageCatharina heart imageCatharine heart imageCatharinus heart imageCatharyn heart imageCathee heart imageCatheline heart image

Other Popular Names Beginning With C

Looking for more baby names starting with the letter C to resonate with your family’s naming tradition or to rhyme with the sibling names? Find a range of alternative names starting with this letter.

Names With Similar Meaning As Cathal

If you want to explore more names with similar connotations to Cathal, here’s a list.

Names Rhyming With Cathal

The significance of rhyming names extends beyond their aesthetic appeal and a good feel. The repetition and symmetry enhance their memorability. If you want your children’s names to be easily remembered or tune with your name, try some rhyming names. Here are such names that rhyme with Cathal.

Found a name you love? Send it to family and friends and see if they love it too!

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Popular Songs On The Name Cathal

Acrostic Poem On Cathal

Dive into the lyrical charm of the name Cathal with this acrostic poem. Witness how each letter paints together a story, capturing the name’s individuality, strength, vitality, and sophistication. Inspiring, is it? Why not try a similar poem that describes what you think of your baby’s personality?

C
:

Challenges come what may, but you won’t give up the fray.

A
:

Aspiring and working hard for true success.

T
:

Tranquil one, basking in the tender moonlight.

H
:

Happy-go-lucky, you are bubbly and gusty.

A
:

Angelic and divine, a little beacon of light.

L
:

Lighthearted and loyal, you sure deserve all things royal.

‘Cathal’ In QR Code

Here's a unique feature for the modern, tech-savvy, and curious parents – have your baby's name in a QR code. If you want your close circle to know your newborn's name, all you need to do is simply scan and share it. The code not only shows the name but its meaning as well; this means you don't have to painfully explain the meaning of your baby's name anymore! So, go ahead. Download, save, and share it with your family and friends, or use it to create personalized keepsakes for your little one.

Adorable Nicknames For Cathal

Nicknames are an integral part of your communication with your baby. You tend to use several variations of your child’s name; some are meaningful, while others are simply adorable sounds. Here are a few nicknames you can begin with for the name Cathal.

  • Cat
  • Cal
  • Caz
  • Thal
  • Cah

Cathal’s Zodiac Sign As Per Western Astrology

Western astrology includes the construction of a horoscope based on the person’s exact time of birth and location to understand the positions of the planet, stars, and zodiac signs at that time. However, in popular culture, it is often narrowed down to the sun sign, which depends on the person’s birth date.There are 12 zodiac signs, each having dominant traits, planetary rulers, elemental connection, and more.

Zodiac sign or Sun sign

The Earth’s orbit around the sun is divided into 12 zodiac signs covering 30-degree sectors. According to Western astrology, the zodiac or sun sign depends on the sun’s position in one of these sectors at the time of your birth. Starting from the sun’s position at the March equinox, the chart goes anti-clockwise from Aries, followed by Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius, and Pisces. These signs are ruled by planetary bodies - Mars, Venus, Mercury, Moon, Sun, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Furthermore, they are categorized into triplicities or elemental signs - fire, water, air, and earth - that govern their characteristics. Each of these zodiac signs features certain personality traits that may determine how a person presents themselves.

Why the date of birth matters

Each zodiac sign in Western astrology is linked to a specific range of dates in the year. Unlike Vedic astrology, where names can sometimes be used to infer astrological details, Western astrology relies entirely on the birth date.

To know more about your baby’s zodiac sign, choose the period in which your baby’s date of birth falls, from the options given below. This will give you a glimpse into the world of astrology tailored for your baby.

Select your baby’s birthdate range

Mar 21 – Apr 19

Apr 20 – May 20

May 21 – Jun 20

Jun 21 – Jul 22

Jul 23 – Aug 22

Aug 23 – Sep 22

Sep 23 – Oct 22

Oct 23 – Nov 21

Nov 22 – Dec 21

Dec 22 – Jan 19

Jan 20 – Feb 18

Feb 19 – Mar 20

Sun Sign
Aries
Symbol
The Ram
Unicode Character
♈︎
Greek Name
Κριός (Krios)
Celestial Ruler
Mars
House
First House of Self
Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b)
0° to 30°
Element (Triplicity)
Fire
Color
Red
Birthstone
Diamond
Modality
Cardinal
Polarity
Positive
Personality Traits
You are ambitious and competitive and love to be at the top of your game. Warm and friendly, you love getting attention, and your courage helps you face challenges easily. You are also quite direct and no-nonsense in your approach, which makes you a resilient leader.
Sun Sign
Taurus
Symbol
The Bull
Unicode Character
♉︎
Greek Name
Ταῦρος (Tauros)
Celestial Ruler
Venus
House
Second House of Value/Income
Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b)
30° to 60°
Element (Triplicity)
Earth
Color
Green and Pink
Birthstone
Emerald
Modality
Fixed
Polarity
Negative
Personality Traits
You are calm and dependable. A loyal and loving person, your humble and persistent nature will help you achieve your goals. With Venus as your ruling planet, you are pleasure-seeking and enjoy indulging in artistic pursuits and leisure activities.
Sun Sign
Gemini
Symbol
The Twins
Unicode Character
♊︎
Greek Name
Δίδυμοι (Didymoi)
Celestial Ruler
Mercury
House
Third House of Communication/Sharing
Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b)
60° to 90°
Element (Triplicity)
Air
Color
Yellow
Birthstone
Pearl/Moonstone
Modality
Mutable
Polarity
Positive
Personality Traits
You are spontaneous and quick-witted. Social and entertaining, your charm and intelligence mesmerize others, and it’s easy for you to have conversations with anybody. You are passionate about various things, so you always have your hands full with hobbies, projects, plans, and more.
Sun Sign
Cancer
Symbol
The Crab
Unicode Character
♋︎
Greek Name
Καρκίνος (Karkinos)
Celestial Ruler
Moon
House
Fourth House of Home and Family
Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b)
90° to 120°
Element (Triplicity)
Water
Color
White/Silver
Birthstone
Ruby
Modality
Cardinal
Polarity
Negative
Personality Traits
You are sensitive, compassionate, intuitive, and nurturing. Your maternal instinct reflects in your care and love for your family and loved ones. You are artistic and emotional and can go to great lengths to ensure the people around you are comfortable and happy.
Sun Sign
Leo
Symbol
The Lion
Unicode Character
♌︎
Greek Name
Λέων (Leōn)
Celestial Ruler
Sun
House
Fifth House of Romance and Pleasure
Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b)
120° to 150°
Element (Triplicity)
Fire
Color
Gold
Birthstone
Peridot
Modality
Fixed
Polarity
Positive
Personality Traits
You are charismatic and charming; a born leader. You are passionate about what you love, and your loyalty and joyous nature attract people. Your natural confidence and aura always put you in the center of attention. You like luxury and flamboyance, and your relationships are always fiery.
Sun Sign
Virgo
Symbol
The Maiden
Unicode Character
♍︎
Greek Name
Παρθένος (Parthenos)
Celestial Ruler
Mercury
House
Sixth House of Health and Wellness
Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b)
150° to 180°
Element (Triplicity)
Earth
Color
Green and Brown
Birthstone
Sapphire
Modality
Mutable
Polarity
Negative
Personality Traits
You are diligent, practical, and detail-oriented, which makes you a perfectionist. However, you are also humble and reliable. You are intelligent, methodical, and observant, and thus, can be trusted to execute plans smoothly. Your kind and supportive nature makes you a trustworthy friend and partner.
Sun Sign
Libra
Symbol
The Scales
Unicode Character
♎︎
Greek Name
Ζυγός (Zygos)
Celestial Ruler
Venus
House
Seventh House of Balance and Partnerships
Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b)
180° to 210°
Element (Triplicity)
Air
Color
Pink and Blue
Birthstone
Opal
Modality
Cardinal
Polarity
Positive
Personality Traits
You are diplomatic and social. You appreciate harmony and balance in your life and strive towards symmetry. A connoisseur of art, luxury, and knowledge, you have a sophisticated taste. Moreover, your kind and adaptable nature lets you connect with people from different avenues.
Sun Sign
Scorpio
Symbol
The Scorpion
Unicode Character
♏︎
Greek Name
Σκoρπίος (Skorpios)[16]
Celestial Ruler
Pluto/ Mars
House
Eighth House of Transformation
Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b)
210° to 240°
Element (Triplicity)
Water
Color
Black
Birthstone
Topaz
Modality
Fixed
Polarity
Negative
Personality Traits
You are intuitive, intense, and connected to your emotional world. Often considered mysterious, your enigmatic personality makes you attractive and interesting. Your intensity and loyalty come through in your approach to relationships, making you a great partner and friend.
Sun Sign
Sagittarius
Symbol
The Archer
Unicode Character
♐︎
Greek Name
Τοξότης (Toxotēs)
Celestial Ruler
Jupiter
House
Ninth House of Purpose and Exploration
Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b)
240° to 270°
Element (Triplicity)
Fire
Color
Purple
Birthstone
Turquoise/Tanzanite
Modality
Mutable
Polarity
Positive
Personality Traits
You are one of the most dynamic and easy-going signs. Adventurous and intellectual, you do not conform to rules and restrictions and create your own path. Your bright and passionate personality makes you a fun person to be around. You like to be spontaneous, and face challenges head on.
Sun Sign
Capricorn
Symbol
The Goat
Unicode Character
♑︎
Greek Name
Αἰγόκερως (Aigokerōs)
Celestial Ruler
Saturn
House
Tenth House of Enterprise
Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b)
270° to 300°
Element (Triplicity)
Earth
Color
Gray and Brown
Birthstone
Garnet
Modality
Cardinal
Polarity
Negative
Personality Traits
You are disciplined, straightforward, and dedicated towards your goals. Your focus and determination make you stand apart from the crowd. However, contrasting your sharp and serious personality is a youthful and fun side that is mischievous and optimistic.
Sun Sign
Aquarius
Symbol
The Water-Bearer
Unicode Character
♒︎
Greek Name
Ὑδροχόος (Hydrokhoos)
Celestial Ruler
Uranus/Saturn
House
Eleventh House of Connections
Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b)
300° to 330°
Element (Triplicity)
Air
Color
Blue
Birthstone
Amethyst
Modality
Fixed
Polarity
Positive
Personality Traits
You are creative, innovative, and eccentric. You take joy in intellectual and artistic pursuits, and your idealistic mindset shines through in your larger-than-life plans for humanity. You are sensitive, caring, and progressive. Your open-mindedness helps you connect and socialize with others.
Sun Sign
Pisces
Symbol
The Fish
Unicode Character
♓︎
Greek Name
Ἰχθύες (Ikhthyes)
Celestial Ruler
Neptune/Jupiter
House
Twelfth House of Spirituality
Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b)
330° to 360°
Element (Triplicity)
Water
Color
Light green
Birthstone
Aquamarine
Modality
Mutable
Polarity
Negative
Personality Traits
You are compassionate, sensitive, and the most connected to your spiritual realm. A visionary, your emotional and imaginative mind is reflected in your art and creativity. You are kind, gentle, empathetic, and a big romantic. Your dreamy and mystical side makes you unique.

Cathal’s Zodiac Sign And Birth Star As Per Vedic Astrology

Vedic astrology, also called Jyotisha, provides deep insights into a person’s life based on celestial positions at birth. Rashi and nakshatra, which are an integral part of Jyotisha, are believed to influence an individual’s personality and life events. The following sections give you rashi-related information, such as the associated letters, elements, ruling body, quality, and nakshatra for the name Cathal. These details help analyze a person’s characteristics, personality, and behavior.

Zodiac Sign (Rashi)

As shown in the following table, each rashi is associated with specific sounds, which are often used as the starting letters of names for newborns in Hindu families. Each rashi is represented by a figure and one of the five elements – Earth, Water, Fire, Air, and Ether (Space). One ruling celestial body, known as its 'rashi lord' or 'ruler' is assigned to these rashis. These bodies include Venus, Mars, Sun, Moon, Mercury, Jupiter, and Saturn. Furthermore, the rashis are assigned various qualities or gunas.

Rashi (zodiac sign)Mithun (Gemini)
Starting letters for Mithun (Gemini) rashiK, CHH, GH, Q, C
RepresentationTwins
ElementAir
Ruling bodyMercury
QualityDual (dvisvabhava)

Birth Star (Nakshatra)

Another important aspect of Vedic Astrology is the nakshatras, the lunar constellations or star clusters that the Moon occupies during a person's birth. There are 27 nakshatras, each with its own unique qualities, attributes, and symbolism. Each rashi contains two-and-one-fourth nakshatras in it. For example, Aries contains Ashwini, Bharani, and Krithika nakshatras.

The below table provides information on the nakshatras’ degrees on the zodiac circle, their lords and related syllables, for babies born in the Mithun (Gemini) rashi. These syllables/phonetics are popularly used to choose the baby name. For precise nakshatra calculation based on your baby's birthplace and date, use our Nakshatra Calculator.

NakshatraDegrees Of The NakshatraNakshatra
Lord (Ruler)
Name Syllables
Mrigashira (Makayiram, Mrigasira)Gemini (0 to 6.40 degrees)MarsVe, Vo, Ka, Kaa, Ki, Kee, We, Wo
Ardra (Arudra, Thiruvadhirai)Gemini (6.40 to 20 degrees)RahuKu, Kam, Ja, Cha, Gha, Da, Na, Jha
Punarvasu (Punartham, Punarpoosam)Gemini (20 to 30 degrees)JupiterKe, Kay, Ko, Ha, Hi, Hee

Infographic: Know The Name Cathal‘s Personality As Per Numerology

name-numerology-for-Cathal-boy

Illustration: Momjunction Design Team

Get the high-quality PDF version of this infographic.

Download Infographic in PDF version

Cathal In Different Languages

It’s exciting to see our baby’s name spelled and written in various languages. See how people spell Cathal in Spanish, French, German, Italian, and more! Each language has its own way of saying Cathal, but it’s still the same special name. Learn how the name looks and sounds in different languages around the world!

NameLanguageCode
CathalEnglishen
卡塔尔Chinesezh-CN
काथालHindihi
CathalSpanishes
CathalFrenchfr
كاثالArabicar
ক্যাথালBengalibn
CathalPortuguesept
КаталRussianru
کیتھلUrduur
CathalIndonesianid
CathalGermande
カタールJapaneseja
काथालMarathimr
కాథల్Telugute
CathalTurkishtr
கேத்தல்Tamilta
CathalVietnamesevi
CathalTagalogtl
카탈Koreanko
CathalHausaha
CathalSwahilisw
CathalJavanesejv
CathalItalianit
ਕੈਥਲPunjabipa
કેથલGujaratigu
คาธาลThaith
ಕ್ಯಾಥಲ್Kannadakn
ካታልAmharicam
काथालBhojpuribho
CathalYorubayo

Cathal In Fancy Fonts

Visualize your little one’s name in different captivating fonts. You can use these fancy styles on birth announcement cards, nursery decorations, personalized gifts, to name a few. Select the perfect font from these options for a touch of personalization.

  • Double Struck Font
    ℂ 𝕒 𝕥 𝕙 𝕒 𝕝
  • Bold Script Font
    𝓒 𝓪 𝓽 𝓱 𝓪 𝓵
  • Fancy Style 35 Font
    ς α † h α レ
  • Fancy Style 7 Font
    Ć Δ Ŧ Ħ Δ Ł
  • Love Font
    C♥ a♥ t♥ h♥ a♥ l♥
  • Black Square Font
    🅲 🅰 🆃 🅷 🅰 🅻
  • Hand Writing 2 Font
    C α ƚ ԋ α ʅ
  • X Above Bellow Font
    C͓̽ a͓̽ t͓̽ h͓̽ a͓̽ l͓̽

How To Communicate The Name Cathal In Sign Languages

In Nautical Flags

Cathal

In Sign Language

Cathal

In Braille Alphabet

Cathal

In Morse Code

Cathal

In Barcode

barcode

In Binary

01000011 01100001 01110100 01101000 01100001 01101100

Name Numerology For Cathal

Numerology is an occult system that gives significance to numbers and their influence on human life and destiny. Numerologists attribute specific qualities, energies, and characteristics to a number. Parents who believe in numerology prefer to choose baby names that resonate positively with the child’s unique numerical vibrations, often derived from their date of birth. Here we give a general birth number and personality traits of the name Cathal, based on the Pythagorean (Western) system. This analysis will differ from child to child based on their date of birth. You may use our numerology calculator for more personalized information.

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The name you give a child at birth is like their numerological DNA - it is a blueprint of who they are, their talents and character traits, their likes and dislikes, and much more. So choose carefully and, if possible, consider an ancestral name, especially one that belonged to an ancestor who did well and lived a good life. But consult a numerologist for more insight and perhaps a little fine-tuning by changing a letter or adding a middle name.

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- Hans Decoz

Baby Name Lists Containing Cathal

Cathal In Literature

Cathal has captured the imagination of storytellers over the years. Here’s a list of literary works carrying the name Cathal.

  • My irish table: recipes from the homeland and restaurant eve by armstrong, cathal, hagedorn, david (2014) hardcover by Cathal Armstrong
  • The concise encyclopedia of world war ii [2 volumes] (greenwood encyclopedias of modern world wars) 1st edition by nolan, cathal j. (2010) hardcover by Cathal J. Nolan
  • Cathal o'neill's dublin by Cathal O'Neill
  • All in the food: 75 years of cathal brugha street by Frank Cullen

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What is the meaning of the name Cathal?

The name Cathal means battle rule.

2. What is the origin of the name Cathal?

Cathal has an Irish origin.

3. How to pronounce the name Cathal?

Cathal is pronounced as Kah-hal.

References

MomJunction's articles are written after analyzing the research works of expert authors and institutions. Our references consist of resources established by authorities in their respective fields. You can learn more about the authenticity of the information we present in our editorial policy.
  1. May 11 – St Cathal of Taranto (7th-8th century).
    https://www.catholicireland.net/saintoftheday/st-cathal-of-taranto-7th-8th-century/
  2. Cathal
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathal
  3. Astrology, Hermes (2023); Astrology for Beginners.
    https://www.researchgate.net/publication/370635414_Astrology_for_Beginners
  4. Shirley Lawrence; The Secret Science of Numerology: The Hidden Meaning of Numbers and Letters.
    https://www.academia.edu/97492675/The_Secret_Science_of_Numerology_The_Hidden_Meaning_of_Numbers_and_Letters_Shirley_Lawrence&nav_from=a3c5c3fd-555f-4584-b66d-4a3c8023402e&rw_pos=0
  5. Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia; “zodiac”; Encyclopedia Britannica.
    https://www.britannica.com/topic/zodiac
  6. P.V.R. Narasimha Rao; Vedic Astrology: An Integrated Approach.
    https://www.vedicastrologer.org/articles/vedic_astro_textbook.pdf
  7. Paulo Martins; A Concise History of Hindu Astrology and Indian Spirituality; Scholars Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences.
    https://www.saspublishers.com/media/articles/SJAHSS_112_33-36_FT_MAEgJAB.pdf
  8. International Phonetic Association.
    https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/
  9. Adam Szczegielniak; Phonetics: The Sounds of Language; Harvard University.
    https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/adam/files/phonetics.ppt.pdf
  10. Lalita K. Wani et al; Review of Scientific Analysis Of Sacred Sound OM (AUM); Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR), Novermber 2020.
    https://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2011207.pdf
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