gem

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Origin, Meaning, And History Of Gem

Gem is a feminine name of Italian origin, translating to ‘precious gemstone’ or ‘jewel.’ The name is thought to be derived from the Latin name or term Gemma or from the old French gemme, carrying the same meaning. With its roots in diverse cultures, Gem symbolizes rarity and beauty, akin to precious gemstones. This name encapsulates the notion of something valuable and cherished.

On another note, phonetically spelled as jem, this name’s pronunciation carries an elegant and straightforward sound, adding to its universal appeal. While Gem remains a classic choice, rarely used variants like Jem offer a slightly different flair. Additionally, Gem’s simplicity opens the door to endearing nicknames, with possibilities like Gemmy, Gemi, Gemster, or Gembob, making it more approachable and personal.

While not a widely prevalent name in popular culture, Gem reflects a reverence for the enduring beauty found in nature’s treasures, which makes its presence appealing to parents.

Gem

heart image
The one who is precious as a gem stone
Girl
Christianity
Italian
7
One
1 word, 3 letters, 1 vowel, 2 consonants
Short and easy to pronounce

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How To Pronounce Gem?

Pronounced as jem

The way you pronounce a name can make all the difference.

Listen to the sound of the name Gem in English.

Phonemic Representation Of Gem

Phonemics is the study of a language’s distinctive sound units (phonemes), as standardized by the International Phonetics Association. When choosing a name for your baby, knowing its phonemic pronunciation gives an idea about the name’s sound pattern and auditory appeal. You can assess the name’s ease of pronunciation, memorability, and softness. Here is the phonemic transcription of Gem in American and British accents.

  • In American English: /dʒɛm/
  • In British English: /dʒɛm/

Pronunciation of names, in fact, any spoken word, involves the participation of various parts of the mouth, vocal cord, nose, and lungs. Underneath all the sounds we make is the airstream flowing from the lungs and moving up to the mouth. It’s incredible how lips, tongue, teeth, alveolar ridge, palate, glottis, and larynx work harmoniously to bring out the words. Studies have proved that positive sounds like OM (AUM) help maintain hormonal balance and mental health and reduce stress and anxiety. So, what parts does Gem trigger? Find the details here; the sound of Gem might bring in more positive vibes into your life!

PhonemeArticulation
/dʒ/

Raising the front part of the tongue to the palate. Airflow stop closure releases with friction

/ɛ/

Tongue mid front, spread lips. Airflow is continuous

/m/

Bringing both lips together. Airflow stops for a fraction of a second

Notable People Named Gem

This section covers people who have made the name Gem famous with their contributions in various fields. It indeed is a little more inspiration for you to choose the name for your baby, don’t you think?

Gem On The Popularity Chart

Societal influences, family traditions, latest trends, and timeless appeal are a few criteria that shape the choices of parents in naming their newest family members. In this section, we show you how the popularity of Gem has trended over the years in the US, in absolute numbers (per million) as well as in its ranking.

Popularity Over Time

The below graph illustrates Gem's popularity through 43 years from 1980 to 2022, witnessing a fluctuating trend. It reached a peak of 14 per million babies in 2016 as compared to a trough of 5 in 1986. As per the latest data, the name has recorded 11 entries in 2021.


Source: Social Security Administration

Rank Over Time

Gem's ranking has fluctuated over time, rising at intervals and then dipping, reflecting its varying popularity. In 1985, Gem was ranked 7803, it was 17451 in 2003 and 9108 in 2021.


Source: Social Security Administration

Gem Name’s Presence On Social Media

Before you finalize your baby’s name, you would want to assess if the name is rare or popular. Digital footprint of the name - it’s presence on the internet and social media platforms - can provide you with valuable insights on it’s popularity. A name’s online presence is an important metric for new parents to evaluate their options and make an informed choice. How many people are searching the name on Google, how many profiles are there on Facebook, does the name have a Wikipedia page? Such information surely tells you if the name is ubiquitous or unique. Here is how Gem fares on that count.

Gem’s Mention In Fictional Works

In this section, know how the creative minds have treated the name Gem in their fictional works. How often has the name been woven into the storylines, and how popular was the character – these details may not directly influence your naming decision, but you would like to know about Gem’s performance in the world of entertainment, won’t you? Moreover, it could be the name of the character from a movie or series you loved or binge-watched recently! So, check out Gem’s performance in the fictional cosmos.

TitleCharacter nameRole played by
The Mr. Mom ShowHarry GemLuke White
God Rocks! BibleToons: Rejoice in the Lord!GemSheryl Stacey Neilson
First LadyGem Rose ReyesAnalyn Barro
Spirit RangersGemJaylan Evans
Interstellar EllaGemRyan S. Hill
Blink TwiceGemAli Johnson

Names With Similar Sound As Gem

If you liked the sound of Gem but searching for a name with a different meaning, you may find that right one from our similar-sounding names.

Popular Sibling Names For Gem

If you are looking for some matching sibling names that resonate with Gem, check our suggestions here.

Boy Sibling Names For Gem

Find matching brother names for Gem and create a wonderful team of siblings.

Gemail heart imageGemariah heart imageGemine heart imageGeomar heart imageGhiman heart imageGhiyam heart imageGiambattista heart imageGiamo heart imageGiampaolo heart imageGim heart image

Girl Sibling Names For Gem

Looking for some suitable sister names for Gem? Check out our collection of beautiful and unique names.

Gema heart imageGemette heart imageGemma heart imageGemmariah heart imageGimle heart imageGimma heart imageJahmela heart imageJahmelia heart imageJahmilla heart imageJaima heart image

Other Popular Names Beginning With G

Looking for more baby names starting with the letter G to resonate with your family’s naming tradition or to rhyme with the sibling names? Find a range of alternative names starting with this letter.

Names With Similar Meaning As Gem

Discover names synonymous with Gem’s meaning. Explore alternatives, each with a unique charm but that mirrors the meaning.

Names Rhyming With Gem

The significance of rhyming names extends beyond their aesthetic appeal and a good feel. The repetition and symmetry enhance their memorability. If you want your children’s names to be easily remembered or tune with your name, try some rhyming names. Here are such names that rhyme with Gem.

Popular Songs On The Name Gem

Acrostic Poem On Gem

Dive into the lyrical charm of the name Gem with this acrostic poem. Witness how each letter paints together a story, capturing the name’s individuality, strength, vitality, and sophistication. Inspiring, is it? Why not try a similar poem that describes what you think of your baby’s personality?

G
:

Graciously gregarious, you are wondrously generous and curious.

E
:

Enchanting like a garden of wildflowers.

M
:

Mirthful and cheery, laughter like a melody.

‘Gem’ In QR Code

Here's a unique feature for the modern, tech-savvy, and curious parents – have your baby's name in a QR code. If you want your close circle to know your newborn's name, all you need to do is simply scan and share it. The code not only shows the name but its meaning as well; this means you don't have to painfully explain the meaning of your baby's name anymore! So, go ahead. Download, save, and share it with your family and friends, or use it to create personalized keepsakes for your little one.

Adorable Nicknames For Gem

Nicknames are an integral part of your communication with your baby. You tend to use several variations of your child’s name; some are meaningful, while others are simply adorable sounds. Here are a few nicknames you can begin with for the name Gem.

  • Gemmy
  • Gemi
  • G-Man
  • Gemster
  • Gembob

Gem’s Zodiac Sign As Per Western Astrology

Western astrology includes the construction of a horoscope based on the person’s exact time of birth and location to understand the positions of the planet, stars, and zodiac signs at that time. However, in popular culture, it is often narrowed down to the sun sign, which depends on the person’s birth date.There are 12 zodiac signs, each having dominant traits, planetary rulers, elemental connection, and more.

Zodiac sign or Sun sign

The Earth’s orbit around the sun is divided into 12 zodiac signs covering 30-degree sectors. According to Western astrology, the zodiac or sun sign depends on the sun’s position in one of these sectors at the time of your birth. Starting from the sun’s position at the March equinox, the chart goes anti-clockwise from Aries, followed by Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius, and Pisces. These signs are ruled by planetary bodies - Mars, Venus, Mercury, Moon, Sun, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Furthermore, they are categorized into triplicities or elemental signs - fire, water, air, and earth - that govern their characteristics. Each of these zodiac signs features certain personality traits that may determine how a person presents themselves.

Why the date of birth matters

Each zodiac sign in Western astrology is linked to a specific range of dates in the year. Unlike Vedic astrology, where names can sometimes be used to infer astrological details, Western astrology relies entirely on the birth date.

To know more about your baby’s zodiac sign, choose the period in which your baby’s date of birth falls, from the options given below. This will give you a glimpse into the world of astrology tailored for your baby.

Select your baby’s birthdate range

Mar 21 – Apr 19

Apr 20 – May 20

May 21 – Jun 20

Jun 21 – Jul 22

Jul 23 – Aug 22

Aug 23 – Sep 22

Sep 23 – Oct 22

Oct 23 – Nov 21

Nov 22 – Dec 21

Dec 22 – Jan 19

Jan 20 – Feb 18

Feb 19 – Mar 20

Sun Sign
Aries
Symbol
The Ram
Unicode Character
♈︎
Greek Name
Κριός (Krios)
Celestial Ruler
Mars
House
First House of Self
Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b)
0° to 30°
Element (Triplicity)
Fire
Color
Red
Birthstone
Diamond
Modality
Cardinal
Polarity
Positive
Personality Traits
You are ambitious and competitive and love to be at the top of your game. Warm and friendly, you love getting attention, and your courage helps you face challenges easily. You are also quite direct and no-nonsense in your approach, which makes you a resilient leader.
Sun Sign
Taurus
Symbol
The Bull
Unicode Character
♉︎
Greek Name
Ταῦρος (Tauros)
Celestial Ruler
Venus
House
Second House of Value/Income
Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b)
30° to 60°
Element (Triplicity)
Earth
Color
Green and Pink
Birthstone
Emerald
Modality
Fixed
Polarity
Negative
Personality Traits
You are calm and dependable. A loyal and loving person, your humble and persistent nature will help you achieve your goals. With Venus as your ruling planet, you are pleasure-seeking and enjoy indulging in artistic pursuits and leisure activities.
Sun Sign
Gemini
Symbol
The Twins
Unicode Character
♊︎
Greek Name
Δίδυμοι (Didymoi)
Celestial Ruler
Mercury
House
Third House of Communication/Sharing
Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b)
60° to 90°
Element (Triplicity)
Air
Color
Yellow
Birthstone
Pearl/Moonstone
Modality
Mutable
Polarity
Positive
Personality Traits
You are spontaneous and quick-witted. Social and entertaining, your charm and intelligence mesmerize others, and it’s easy for you to have conversations with anybody. You are passionate about various things, so you always have your hands full with hobbies, projects, plans, and more.
Sun Sign
Cancer
Symbol
The Crab
Unicode Character
♋︎
Greek Name
Καρκίνος (Karkinos)
Celestial Ruler
Moon
House
Fourth House of Home and Family
Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b)
90° to 120°
Element (Triplicity)
Water
Color
White/Silver
Birthstone
Ruby
Modality
Cardinal
Polarity
Negative
Personality Traits
You are sensitive, compassionate, intuitive, and nurturing. Your maternal instinct reflects in your care and love for your family and loved ones. You are artistic and emotional and can go to great lengths to ensure the people around you are comfortable and happy.
Sun Sign
Leo
Symbol
The Lion
Unicode Character
♌︎
Greek Name
Λέων (Leōn)
Celestial Ruler
Sun
House
Fifth House of Romance and Pleasure
Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b)
120° to 150°
Element (Triplicity)
Fire
Color
Gold
Birthstone
Peridot
Modality
Fixed
Polarity
Positive
Personality Traits
You are charismatic and charming; a born leader. You are passionate about what you love, and your loyalty and joyous nature attract people. Your natural confidence and aura always put you in the center of attention. You like luxury and flamboyance, and your relationships are always fiery.
Sun Sign
Virgo
Symbol
The Maiden
Unicode Character
♍︎
Greek Name
Παρθένος (Parthenos)
Celestial Ruler
Mercury
House
Sixth House of Health and Wellness
Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b)
150° to 180°
Element (Triplicity)
Earth
Color
Green and Brown
Birthstone
Sapphire
Modality
Mutable
Polarity
Negative
Personality Traits
You are diligent, practical, and detail-oriented, which makes you a perfectionist. However, you are also humble and reliable. You are intelligent, methodical, and observant, and thus, can be trusted to execute plans smoothly. Your kind and supportive nature makes you a trustworthy friend and partner.
Sun Sign
Libra
Symbol
The Scales
Unicode Character
♎︎
Greek Name
Ζυγός (Zygos)
Celestial Ruler
Venus
House
Seventh House of Balance and Partnerships
Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b)
180° to 210°
Element (Triplicity)
Air
Color
Pink and Blue
Birthstone
Opal
Modality
Cardinal
Polarity
Positive
Personality Traits
You are diplomatic and social. You appreciate harmony and balance in your life and strive towards symmetry. A connoisseur of art, luxury, and knowledge, you have a sophisticated taste. Moreover, your kind and adaptable nature lets you connect with people from different avenues.
Sun Sign
Scorpio
Symbol
The Scorpion
Unicode Character
♏︎
Greek Name
Σκoρπίος (Skorpios)[16]
Celestial Ruler
Pluto/ Mars
House
Eighth House of Transformation
Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b)
210° to 240°
Element (Triplicity)
Water
Color
Black
Birthstone
Topaz
Modality
Fixed
Polarity
Negative
Personality Traits
You are intuitive, intense, and connected to your emotional world. Often considered mysterious, your enigmatic personality makes you attractive and interesting. Your intensity and loyalty come through in your approach to relationships, making you a great partner and friend.
Sun Sign
Sagittarius
Symbol
The Archer
Unicode Character
♐︎
Greek Name
Τοξότης (Toxotēs)
Celestial Ruler
Jupiter
House
Ninth House of Purpose and Exploration
Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b)
240° to 270°
Element (Triplicity)
Fire
Color
Purple
Birthstone
Turquoise/Tanzanite
Modality
Mutable
Polarity
Positive
Personality Traits
You are one of the most dynamic and easy-going signs. Adventurous and intellectual, you do not conform to rules and restrictions and create your own path. Your bright and passionate personality makes you a fun person to be around. You like to be spontaneous, and face challenges head on.
Sun Sign
Capricorn
Symbol
The Goat
Unicode Character
♑︎
Greek Name
Αἰγόκερως (Aigokerōs)
Celestial Ruler
Saturn
House
Tenth House of Enterprise
Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b)
270° to 300°
Element (Triplicity)
Earth
Color
Gray and Brown
Birthstone
Garnet
Modality
Cardinal
Polarity
Negative
Personality Traits
You are disciplined, straightforward, and dedicated towards your goals. Your focus and determination make you stand apart from the crowd. However, contrasting your sharp and serious personality is a youthful and fun side that is mischievous and optimistic.
Sun Sign
Aquarius
Symbol
The Water-Bearer
Unicode Character
♒︎
Greek Name
Ὑδροχόος (Hydrokhoos)
Celestial Ruler
Uranus/Saturn
House
Eleventh House of Connections
Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b)
300° to 330°
Element (Triplicity)
Air
Color
Blue
Birthstone
Amethyst
Modality
Fixed
Polarity
Positive
Personality Traits
You are creative, innovative, and eccentric. You take joy in intellectual and artistic pursuits, and your idealistic mindset shines through in your larger-than-life plans for humanity. You are sensitive, caring, and progressive. Your open-mindedness helps you connect and socialize with others.
Sun Sign
Pisces
Symbol
The Fish
Unicode Character
♓︎
Greek Name
Ἰχθύες (Ikhthyes)
Celestial Ruler
Neptune/Jupiter
House
Twelfth House of Spirituality
Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b)
330° to 360°
Element (Triplicity)
Water
Color
Light green
Birthstone
Aquamarine
Modality
Mutable
Polarity
Negative
Personality Traits
You are compassionate, sensitive, and the most connected to your spiritual realm. A visionary, your emotional and imaginative mind is reflected in your art and creativity. You are kind, gentle, empathetic, and a big romantic. Your dreamy and mystical side makes you unique.

Gem’s Zodiac Sign And Birth Star As Per Vedic Astrology

Vedic astrology, also called Jyotisha, provides deep insights into a person’s life based on celestial positions at birth. Rashi and nakshatra, which are an integral part of Jyotisha, are believed to influence an individual’s personality and life events. The following sections give you rashi-related information, such as the associated letters, elements, ruling body, quality, and nakshatra for the name Gem. These details help analyze a person’s characteristics, personality, and behavior.

Zodiac Sign (Rashi)

As shown in the following table, each rashi is associated with specific sounds, which are often used as the starting letters of names for newborns in Hindu families. Each rashi is represented by a figure and one of the five elements – Earth, Water, Fire, Air, and Ether (Space). One ruling celestial body, known as its 'rashi lord' or 'ruler' is assigned to these rashis. These bodies include Venus, Mars, Sun, Moon, Mercury, Jupiter, and Saturn. Furthermore, the rashis are assigned various qualities or gunas.

Rashi (zodiac sign)Kumbha (Aquarius)
Starting letters for Kumbha (Aquarius) rashiG, S, SH
RepresentationWater-bearer
ElementAir
Ruling bodySaturn
QualityFixed

Birth Star (Nakshatra)

Another important aspect of Vedic Astrology is the nakshatras, the lunar constellations or star clusters that the Moon occupies during a person's birth. There are 27 nakshatras, each with its own unique qualities, attributes, and symbolism. Each rashi contains two-and-one-fourth nakshatras in it. For example, Aries contains Ashwini, Bharani, and Krithika nakshatras.

The below table provides information on the nakshatras’ degrees on the zodiac circle, their lords and related syllables, for babies born in the Kumbha (Aquarius) rashi. These syllables/phonetics are popularly used to choose the baby name. For precise nakshatra calculation based on your baby's birthplace and date, use our Nakshatra Calculator.

NakshatraDegrees Of The NakshatraNakshatra
Lord (Ruler)
Name Syllables
Dhanishta (Avittam)Aquarius (0 to 6.40 degrees)MarsGa, Gi, Gu, Ge, Gee
Satabhisha (Shatabhisham, Chathayam)Aquarius (6.40 to 20 degrees)RahuGo, Sa, Saa, Si, Su, Soo, See, Gau
Poorvabhadrapada (Purvabhadra, Pururuttathy)Aquarius (20 to 30 degrees)JupiterSe, So, Dha, Dhi, Di, Da, Daa, Dee

Infographic: Know The Name Gem‘s Personality As Per Numerology

name-numerology-for-gem-girl

Illustration: Momjunction Design Team

Get the high-quality PDF version of this infographic.

Download Infographic in PDF version

Gem In Different Languages

It’s exciting to see our baby’s name spelled and written in various languages. See how people spell Gem in Spanish, French, German, Italian, and more! Each language has its own way of saying Gem, but it’s still the same special name. Learn how the name looks and sounds in different languages around the world!

NameLanguageCode
GemEnglishen
宝石Chinesezh-CN
जीईएमHindihi
GemSpanishes
GemFrenchfr
جوهرةArabicar
মণিBengalibn
GemPortuguesept
драгоценный каменьRussianru
منیUrduur
GemIndonesianid
GemGermande
宝石Japaneseja
जीईएमMarathimr
రత్నంTelugute
GemTurkishtr
மாணிக்கம்Tamilta
GemVietnamesevi
GemTagalogtl
보석Koreanko
GemHausaha
GemSwahilisw
GemJavanesejv
GemItalianit
ਰਤਨPunjabipa
રત્નGujaratigu
อัญมณีThaith
ರತ್ನKannadakn
እንቁAmharicam
जीईएमBhojpuribho
GemYorubayo

Gem In Fancy Fonts

Visualize your little one’s name in different captivating fonts. You can use these fancy styles on birth announcement cards, nursery decorations, personalized gifts, to name a few. Select the perfect font from these options for a touch of personalization.

  • Double Struck Font
    𝔾 𝕖 𝕞
  • Bold Script Font
    𝓖 𝓮 𝓶
  • Fancy Style 35 Font
    g ε m
  • Fancy Style 7 Font
    Ǥ € Μ
  • Love Font
    G♥ e♥ m♥
  • Black Square Font
    🅶 🅴 🅼
  • Hand Writing 2 Font
    G ҽ ɱ
  • X Above Bellow Font
    G͓̽ e͓̽ m͓̽

Adorable ‘Gem’ Wallpapers To Share

Liked our fancy fonts for Gem? Why not go a step forward with these beautiful posters? They are perfect to download and use as display pictures or social media posts! You may also use them as part of decorating your child’s room. These personalized wallpapers celebrate the positive vibes of the name, offering a unique way to show how much this name means to you. What’s more! You have multiple options here to choose depending on your mood or occasion.

Gem 3D Wallpaper

Gem 3D Wallpaper

Illustration: MomJunction Design Team

Gem Birthday Wallpaper

Gem Birthday Wallpaper

Illustration: MomJunction Design Team

‘I Love Gem’ Wallpaper

I Love Gem Wallpaper

Illustration: MomJunction Design Team

Stylish Gem Wallpaper

Gem Stylish Wallpaper

Illustration: MomJunction Design Team

Gem Name Initial Wallpaper

Gem Name Initial Wallpaper

Illustration: MomJunction Design Team

How To Communicate The Name Gem In Sign Languages

In Nautical Flags

Gem

In Sign Language

Gem

In Braille Alphabet

Gem

In Morse Code

Gem

In Barcode

barcode

In Binary

01000111 01100101 01101101

Name Numerology For Gem

Numerology is an occult system that gives significance to numbers and their influence on human life and destiny. Numerologists attribute specific qualities, energies, and characteristics to a number. Parents who believe in numerology prefer to choose baby names that resonate positively with the child’s unique numerical vibrations, often derived from their date of birth. Here we give a general birth number and personality traits of the name Gem, based on the Pythagorean (Western) system. This analysis will differ from child to child based on their date of birth. You may use our numerology calculator for more personalized information.

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The name you give a child at birth is like their numerological DNA - it is a blueprint of who they are, their talents and character traits, their likes and dislikes, and much more. So choose carefully and, if possible, consider an ancestral name, especially one that belonged to an ancestor who did well and lived a good life. But consult a numerologist for more insight and perhaps a little fine-tuning by changing a letter or adding a middle name.

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- Hans Decoz

Baby Name Lists Containing Gem

Gem In Literature

Gem has captured the imagination of storytellers over the years. Here’s a list of literary works carrying the name Gem.

  • Sparkling gems from the greek vol. 1: 365 greek word studies for every day of the year to sharpen your understanding of god's word
  • Hidden gem
  • Rocks, minerals & gems
  • Gem: the definitive visual guide
  • Gem

Movie Titles Inspired By The Name Gem

Discover the presence of Gem in an array of films. Know about the various movies that have this name.

Movie titleRelease year
Gem2021
Autumn Gem2009

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What is the meaning of the name Gem?

The name Gem means the one who is precious as a gem stone.

2. What is the origin of the name Gem?

Gem has an Italian origin.

3. How to pronounce the name Gem?

Gem is pronounced as jem.

References

MomJunction's articles are written after analyzing the research works of expert authors and institutions. Our references consist of resources established by authorities in their respective fields. You can learn more about the authenticity of the information we present in our editorial policy.
  1. Gem (N.)
    https://www.etymonline.com/word/gem
  2. Astrology, Hermes (2023); Astrology for Beginners.
    https://www.researchgate.net/publication/370635414_Astrology_for_Beginners
  3. Shirley Lawrence; The Secret Science of Numerology: The Hidden Meaning of Numbers and Letters.
    https://www.academia.edu/97492675/The_Secret_Science_of_Numerology_The_Hidden_Meaning_of_Numbers_and_Letters_Shirley_Lawrence&nav_from=a3c5c3fd-555f-4584-b66d-4a3c8023402e&rw_pos=0
  4. Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia; “zodiac”; Encyclopedia Britannica.
    https://www.britannica.com/topic/zodiac
  5. P.V.R. Narasimha Rao; Vedic Astrology: An Integrated Approach.
    https://www.vedicastrologer.org/articles/vedic_astro_textbook.pdf
  6. Paulo Martins; A Concise History of Hindu Astrology and Indian Spirituality; Scholars Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences.
    https://www.saspublishers.com/media/articles/SJAHSS_112_33-36_FT_MAEgJAB.pdf
  7. International Phonetic Association.
    https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/
  8. Adam Szczegielniak; Phonetics: The Sounds of Language; Harvard University.
    https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/adam/files/phonetics.ppt.pdf
  9. Lalita K. Wani et al; Review of Scientific Analysis Of Sacred Sound OM (AUM); Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR), Novermber 2020.
    https://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2011207.pdf

 

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